20 FYSIOTERAPEUTEN 2/23 VITENSKAPEL IG ARTIKKEL Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy: A scoping review Abstract Background: Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy (NPMP) is an established treatment approach mainly applied to patients with long-lasting musculoskeletal pain. The research in the field of NPMP is gradually expanding. The aim of this study was therefore to conduct a systematic search of the published literature for empirical studies in the field, to chart the characteristics and methodologies used and uncover gaps in the research field. Methods: A scoping review methodology was chosen. Results: A total of 93 full text research articles were analysed. The analysis identified primarily articles with a quantitative approach concerning development and standardisation of the NPMP body examination into scales. The qualitative studies concerned different experiences from the body examination and the treatment approach from the patients’ and/ or the physiotherapists’ perspectives. Conclusion: The literature in the field is limited but has slowly expanded during the last 20 years. More research is generally needed to further develop and expand the treatment approach. Keywords: Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy, Scoping review, Quantitative methods, Qualitative methods. Tove Dragesund, fysioterapeut PhD., førsteamanuensis. Fakultet for Helse- og Sosialvitskap, Høgskulen på Vestlandet. tove.dragesund@hvl.no. Aud Marie Øien, fysioterapeut PhD., førsteamanuensis. Fakultet for Helse- og Sosialvitskap, Høgskulen på Vestlandet. Denne vitenskapelige artikkelen er fagfellevurdert etter Fysioterapeutens retningslinjer, og ble akseptert 5. desember 2022. Ingen interessekonflikter oppgitt. Artikkelen ble først publisert på www.fysioterapeuten.no. Introduction Long-lasting musculoskeletal pain is characterized by reduced physical function, often linked with anxiety and depression, and with increased risk of developing other health conditions, early retirement, reduced wealth, and social participation, and increased all-cause mortality (1). Norwegian Psychomotor Physiotherapy (NPMP) is a physiotherapeutic approach applied to patients with longlasting musculoskeletal pain and complex health complaints (2, 3). The approach emerged from the collaboration between the physiotherapist Aadel Bülow-Hansen and the psychiatrist Trygve Braatøy (1946-1951) (2, 3). Bülow-Hansen and Braatøy collaborated by treating the same patients and discussing experiences and theories. One major interest during their collaboration was how muscular tension, breathing and emotions interdepended and mutually influenced each other(2, 3). As such their approach conceptualized the reciprocal relationship between restrictions and regulations of muscular tension, breathing, movements and emotions (2,3). Since 1952, the treatment approach has furthered developed being a specialization in physiotherapy. From 1994 the education was a post graduate education at Oslo University College of Applied Sciences, and from 2000 at the Artic University of Norway, Tromsø (UiT) (2). Further, the education was at a level of master’s degree at UiT since 2010, at the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences and the Oslo Metropolitan University since 2018 and 2021, respectively. The research in the field of NPMP is gradually expanding. Hence a review might provide an overview and bring together the research in the field (6). The aim was therefore to 1) conduct a systematic search of the published literature of empirical studies in the field of NPMP, 2) chart the characteristics and methodologies used in the identified studies, 3) and uncover gaps in the research field. Methods A scoping review methodology is well suited for mapping the size and scope of research on a topic, synthesizing findings, and identifying gaps in the literature (4). The approach is further appropriated given the expectation of finding papers with diverse methodology (4). We followed the framework for scoping reviews originally described by Arksey and O’Malley (5) and later advanced by Levac et al. (6) and Khalil et al. (7). Identifying relevant studies Relevant peer-reviewed articles were identified in the databases: The Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, PEDro (The Physiotherapy Evidence Database), AMED, Cinahl, Scopus, Medline, Embase, Forskningsdatabasen.dk, Norart,
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